Global Warming

Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth's near-surface air and oceans since the mid-20th century and its projected continuation. Global surface temperature increased 0.74 ± 0.18 °C (1.33 ± 0.32 °F) during the last century. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concludes that most of the observed temperature increase since the middle of the 20th century was caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases resulting from human activity such as fossil fuel burning and deforestation. The IPCC also concludes that variations in natural phenomena such as solar radiation and volcanoes produced most of the warming from pre-industrial times to 1950 and had a small cooling effect afterward. These basic conclusions have been endorsed by more than 40 scientific societies and academies of science, including all of the national academies of science of the major industrialized countries.
Climate model projections summarized in the latest IPCC report indicate that the global surface temperature will probably rise a further 1.1 to 6.4 °C (2.0 to 11.5 °F) during the twenty-first century. The uncertainty in this estimate arises from the use of models with differing sensitivity to greenhouse gas concentrations and the use of differing estimates of future greenhouse gas emissions. Some other uncertainties include how warming and related changes will vary from region to region around the globe. Most studies focus on the period up to the year 2100. However, warming is expected to continue beyond 2100 even if emissions stop, because of the large heat capacity of the oceans and the long lifetime of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
An increase in global temperature will cause sea levels to rise and will change the amount and pattern of precipitation, probably including expansion of subtropical deserts. The continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice is expected, with warming being strongest in the Arctic. Other likely effects include increases in the intensity of extreme weather events, species extinctions, and changes in agricultural yields.
Political and public debate continues regarding climate change, but no actions taken in response. The available options are mitigation to reduce further emissions and adaptation to reduce the damage caused by warming and, more speculatively, geoengineering to reverse global warming. Most national governments have signed and ratified the Kyoto Protocol aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

Genetically Modified Papaya

Transgenic Rainbow papaya, which is resistant to papaya ringspot virus, was commercialized in Hawaii in 1998 in an effort to control the devastation being caused by papaya ringspot virus in Puna, where 95% of Hawaii's papaya was being grown. This paper summarizes the adoption of the transgenic papaya by farmers within the first two years of its release. Adoption was widespread and rapid. Surveys suggest that the rapid adoption by farmers was mediated by the fact that the transgenic papaya allowed them to grow papaya without being infected by the papaya ringspot virus. Since papaya ringspot virus is severe throughout the world, this technology could be of major help to developing countries. It remains to be seen, however, whether virus-resistant transgenic papaya will be adopted as rapidly as it was by farmers in Hawaii. As agricultural biotechnology becomes increasingly commercialized, numerous constraints serve to limit adoption by developing country producers. These include technology access, impacts on farmers¿ yields and profits, the privatization of research and intellectual property, biosafety regulatory frameworks, and trade-related market restrictions. This essay analyses the development of the genetically modified papaya and its commercialisation in Hawaii as a response to the virulent plant disease, papaya ringspot virus. Results of a survey of Hawaiian papaya growers suggest that the unprecedentedly rapid adoption of GM papaya is due to this technology¿s having addressed many of these key constraints facing growers. The implications for developing-country adoption of GM varieties are explored.

murukku......hmmm........delicious

Murukku known as Chakli in Marathi and Kannada and Chakri in Gujarati, is a savoury snack popular in India, Sri Lanka, Fiji, and elsewhere among ethnic Indian populations. Murukku is believed to have originated in Tamil Nadu, with the town of Manapparai best known for it. Murukku is typically made from a mixture of urad and rice flour, salt, and flavourings such as chili, asafoetida, ajawain, or cumin. The mixture is made into a batter, mechanically extruded, formed into a spiral or coil, and fried to a crisp. Murukku can also be rolled into a flat ribbon (ribbon murukku) or shaped by hand (kai murukku).



It is especially popular among the Indian residents of Fiji, and Indian Fijians in North America.Murukku is traditionally enjoyed as a treat on the Diwali holiday. More recently, murukku has become available in North America, and is made by several manufacturers in the United States.

Michael Jackson as a legend

Michael Joseph Jackson is the birth name of Michael Jackson, the American pop legend. The recording artist and entertainer was born on 29th August 1958 in Gary, Indiana, United States as a seventh child of Jackson’s family. The incomparable Michael Jackson has made a bigger impact on music than any other artist in the history of music. He was a very talented person and no one else could replace him in a lifetime. With music, he made it possible for people like Oprah Winfrey and Barack Obama to impact the mainstream world. He debuted on the professional music scene at the age of 11. He began a solo career in 1971 while still being a member of Jackson 5. As the “King of Pop”, four of his solo studio Jayalbum are among the world’s best selling records. That is ‘Off the wall’(1979), Bad(1987), Dangerous(1991) and History(1995) while his 1982 ‘Thriller’ is the world’s best-selling record of all time.


In the early 1980s, he became a dominant figure in popular music and first African-American entertainer to appear on MTV, such as “Beat it”, “Bille Jean” and “Thriller” which transform the music video into an art form. In addition, Jackson popularized a number of physically complicated dance techniques such as the robot and the moonwalk. His distinctive musical sound and vocal style influenced many hip hop, pop and contemporary R&B artists.
His other achievements include multiple Guinness World Records, including one for “Most Successful Entertainer of All Time”, 13 Grammy Awards and 13 number one singles in his solo career. He even received an award for his contribution to a drunk driving awareness program in 1984. Jackson’s highly publicized personal life and his successful career made him a part of popular culture for almost four decades.
It was depressive enough when the heart breaking news that Michael Jackson had left us forever on 25th June 2009 was heard. He died due to heart attack at the age of 50. Now the music has lost a king, an icon and a best friend. Even tough, the world has lost one of the greats, but his music will live on forever.

Smuggler Sculpted Jesus Statue Out of Cocaine

Here’s a strange tale of one drug smuggler who sculpted cocaine into a statue of Jesus, complete with painted-on flowing hair and a gold cape:


A drug dealer named The Spider is wondering why his Jesus Christ still hasn’t appeared in Dallas. Thanks to an unusual bust by federal agents in Laredo, they’re not going to connect. Drug traffickers mixed as much as six pounds of the illicit white powder into a paste and used it to make a regal statue of the Christian savior, complete with painted-on flowing hair and a gold cape. Smugglers were likely hoping the statue, which could be worth as much as $30,000 on the streets, would be dismissed by border guards as just another of the hundreds of plaster representations hawked to borderland tourists. But a dog trained to sniff out drugs confirmed it was anything but another religious memento.

NEWS

News is an information.It's comes from north, east, west and south. If we join the first letters of north, east, west and south, we will get the word 'NEWS'